Adjectival, Specialty & Niche Tourisms

Adjectival Tourisms are all those forms of tourism that have an adjective in front of them. I can currently think of two broad forms of adjective tourisms. The first is niche tourism markets -- those that focus on the special interests of particular clients. This is also known as Specialty Tourism.

The second approach consists of ways that academics describing the phenomenon of tourism and broad forms of tourism, including the tourism and travel experience and tourism landscapes and economies. I refer to these as Conceptual Tourisms.

These approaches are both listed below, in separate sections, along with an Unusual Tourisms section for concepts that have been thrown out there, but have not, in my opinion, gained any use. I have also added a Tourism Research Issues list, just because I think it kind of fits here.To get more information on any of the concepts in this hub you can simply search for these terms in your favorite search engine.

Like most of my hubs, this one is for use by my students in the tourism and geography classes that I teach at Northern Arizona University. I placed a version of this list on the 'Tourism' entry in Wikipedia -- but that is not updated as regularly as here.

Suggestions for additions, as well as appropriate links, are welcome in the comments section.

For many of these, the word "Travel" is interchangeable with "Tourism"

1. - Aboriginal Tourism (also Tribal Tourism and Native American Tourism)
2. - Active Tourism (participating in sport activities)
3. - Adventure Tourism (usually outdoors; also Extreme Adventure)
4. - Adventurous Leisure
5. - Aerial Tourism (also Flightseeing)
6. - Agritourism (or Farm Tourism)
7. - Alternative Tourism (involving risk)
8. - Alternative Sport (involving risk or counter culture)
9. - Armchair Tourism (also Vicarious Travel -- experiencing travel without traveling)
10. - Atomic Tourism (or Nuclear Tourism)
11. - Atrocity Tourism (also War, Disaster, etc., below)
12. - Audio Tours / Tourism
13. - Backpack Tourism (or Youth Backpack Tourism)
14. - Battlefield Tourism
15. - Beach Tourism (see also SSS, below)
16. - Birth Tourism
17. - Border Tourism (or Cross-Border Tourism)
18. - Business Travel
19. - Celebrity Tourism (including Delebrity Cruises)
20. - Commodity Tourism (based on fishing, agriculture, etc.; includes Plantation Tourism)
21. - Community Based Tourism (or Community Supported Tourism)
22. - Cruise Tourism
23. - Culinary Tourism
24. - Disaster Tourism
25. - Dark Tourism
26. - Dental Tourism (a form of Medical Tourism)
27. - Desert Tourism
28. - Dive Tourism (SCUBA)
29. - Drug Tourism (to buy legal or illegal drugs)
30. - Ecotourism (or Eco-tourism in some countries)
31. - Educational Tourism (or Edutourism)
32. - Emersive Tourism (educational, volunteer, adventure and working travel)
33. - Enclave Tourism
34. - Engagementcations
35. - Equestrian Tourism
36. - Ethnic Tourism
37. - Event Tourism (or Special Event Tourism, including Festivals)
38. - Extreme Tourism
39. - Fare Travel (application of "fare trade" to travel and tourism)
40. - FIT - Fully Independent Travel (or Free and Independent Travel)
41. - Free and Easy Travel (transportation and accommodations only package)
42. - Gambling of Gaming Tourism
43. - Garden Tourism
44. - Gay Tourism (also LGBT Tourism - Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender)
45. - Gay Marriage Tourism
46. - Geography Tourism (also Extreme Geography Tourism)
47. - Geoparks Tourism (geology-based parks)
48. - Geotourism (related to GeoParks, and to Sustainable Tourism)
49. - Girlfriend Getaway (all female trip)
50. - GIT - Group Inclusive Travel (also All Inclusive Holiday, related to Package Tour)
51. - Golf Tourism
52. - Green Tourism (related to Ecotourism and Sustainable Tourism)
53. - Greif Tourism (related to Thanatourism)
54. - Health Tourism (or Wellness Tourism; overlap with Medical Tourism and New Age Tourism)
55. - Heritage Tourism
56. - Hobby Tourism
57. - Hot-Spot Tourism (places of current conflict)
58. - Incentive Travel (gift or award vacations for employees)
59. - Inclusive Tourism (for disability travelers)
60. - Independent Tour Groups (aka "Donkey Friends" in China)
61. - Island Tourism
62. - Honeymoon (or Second Honeymoon)
63. - Mass Tourism
64. - Maternity Tourism
65. - Medical Tourism
66. - MICE - Meetings, Incentive Travel, Conventions and Exhibitions
67. - Mountain Tourism
68. - Nautical Tourism
69. - New Age Tourism
70. - Nightlife Tourism (also Entertainment Tourism)
71. - Package Tourism (related to GIT)
72. - Perpetual Tourism ("travel as a way of life")
73. - Photography (or Photo) Tourism
74. - Plantation Tourism (Agritourism to tropical plantations)
75. - Poverty Tourism (or Poorism)
76. - Pro-Poor Tourism
77. - Reality Tourism (real world experiences; often related to Responsible Tourism and Poverty Tourism)
78. - Relationship Tourism (experimenting with brief, non-committal relationships, such as this)
79. - Religious Tourism (or Faith Tourism; includes Pilgrimage)
80. - Residential Tourism (retirement in another country)
81. - Responsible Tourism (or Purposeful Tourism)
82. - Reunion Tourism
83. - River Cruise Tourism
84. - Roots Tourism (or Genealogy related tourism)
85. - Rural Tourism
86. - Second Home Tourism (also Vacation Home)
87. - Senior Tourism
88. - Sex Tourism (also Child Sex Tourism)
89. - Shopping Tourism
90. - Social Tourism (meaning social welfare, associated with European communist policies)
91. - Space Tourism
92. - Sports Tourism
93. - SSS - Sun, Sand and Surf (also Sand, Surf and Sex)
94. - Staycation (became widely used in Summer 2008)
95. - Thanatourism (meaning 'death' related tourism)
96. - Urban Tourism
97. - Vacation Rental Travel
98. - VFR - Visiting Friends and Relatives
99. - Virtual Tourism (a modern form of Armchair Tourism)
100. - Volunteer Tourism (also Voluntourism)
101. - War Tourism
102. - Wine Tourism (a form of Culinary Tourism)
103. - Winter (Sports) Tourism

     
     

These are more on the theoretical and academic concepts of tourism experiences and landscapes.

1. - Active / Passive Tourism
2. - Authentic Tourism (or Tourism and Authenticity)
3. - Behavioral Tourism (studying tourist behavior and decision making)
4. - Clustered Tourism (or Destination Tourism) / Dispersed Tourism (or Touring Tourism)
5. - Deep Play (or Deep and Dangerous Play; involving risk)
6. - Existential (Authenticity) Tourism
7. - Experimental / Participatory Tourism
8. - Experiential Tourism
9. - Globalization / Localization / Hybrid Tourism
10. - Inbound/ Outbound Tourism
11. - Inauthentic / Placeless / Staged Tourism
12. - Modern / Postmodern Tourism (or Pomo Tourism and Post-Tourists)
13. - Pro-Poor / Responsible Tourism
14. - Recreational Tourism
15. - Serious Leisure (the opposite of Recreational Tourism)
16. - Sustainable Tourism
17. - Tourism 2.0, Travel 2.0, Tourism 3.0 and Travel 3.0
18. - Tourism Incognita (the unexpected and unknown in travel)
19. - Structured Tourism

These are terms that I have come across, but I consider them concepts that are not yet used in any regular way -- at least not be most people and academics. ...Or perhaps I just feel uncomfortable putting them in either of the lists above.

1. Babymoon (a pre-birth honeymoon)
2. Biotourism (travel to biological sites and sights)
3. Book Town tourism
4. Celebration Vacations
5. Community Assistance Tourism
6. Creative Tourism (tourist participation indestination arts)
7. Deep Tourism (as opposed to shallow or supericial tourism, like "deep ecology")
8. Emo Tourism
9. Genetourism (from the Greek, genesis = birth; tourism to birth places of famous people)
10. Grafitti Tourism (travel to commit grafitti)
11. Infadelity Tourism
12. Intrabound Tourism (intra-regional? - appears on several websites, including Wikipedia, but is never defined)
13. Killing-Fields Tourism (a form of Thanatourism)
14. Lest We Forget Tourism (or Never-Again Tourism, meaning in rememberance of events that we should not forget)
15. Libel Tourism (I am not sure this is really tourism)
16. Mea culpa Tourism (or perhaps Guilt Tourism; related to Lest We Forget Tourism)
17. Mancation (an all male trip)
18. Momcation (for mothers)
19. Pornographic Tourism
20. Purposeful Tourism (also Meaningful Tourism, related to Volunteer Tourism)
21. Resolution Tourism (as in New Years resolutions)
22. Riot Tourism
23. Sado-masochistic Tourism
24. Tummy Tuck Travel (medical tourism for plastic surgery)
25. Ultra Budget Travel
26. Unguided Travel (random explorations of place)

Related to this list is an article on The Worst Travel Trends.

The following list is compiled each year by David L. Edgell (Professor of Tourism, College of Human Ecology, East Carolina University) basedon input from members of the TRINET tourism researchers email list, which consists mostly of academics who study tourism.

TEN IMPORTANT WORLD TOURISM ISSUES

FOR 2012

1. Repercussions on the travel and tourism industry from the global economic slowdown

2. Concern for safety and security remains an important issue for the travel industry

3. The transformative impact tourism has on global socio-economic progress

4. Negative impact on the travel industry of increases in fuel prices and airline fees

5. Importance of maintaining a destination’s social, cultural, natural and built resources

6. Effect on tourism from natural and manmade disasters and world political disruptions

7. Influence of increased use of electronic and other technologies on the travel industry

8. Changes in tourism demand resulting from increased travel by emerging nations

9. Greater interest in potential long term consequences of climate change on tourism

10. Need for increased national/local leadership in tourism policy and strategic planning

FOR 2008 (when this Hubpage was first created)

1. Safety and Security in Tourism
2. Best Practices for Managing Sustainable Tourism
3. New Developments in e-commerce tools in tourism
4. Effect of Climate Change on Tourism
5. Influence of the World’s Economy on Tourism
6. Tourism Policy and Planning
7. Tourism Education and Training
8. Marketing Quality Tourism Products and Experiences
9. Partnerships and Strategic Alliances in Tourism
10. Impact of Natural and Other Disasters and Health Concerns on Tourism

FOR 2020 - A German marketing research institute identified 10 tourism trends for 2020: (source)

1. Health-Holidays
2. Mass-Adventure-Tourism\
3. High-Convenience-Tourism
4. Social & Creative Travel
5. Cheap Chic
6. Eco-Tourism
7. Home-Tourism (local products and speciality goods)
8. Sport-Tourism
9. Spiritual Tourism
10. Educational and Cultural Travel

Hmmm ... nothing on location-based services and tourism ???